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Research

Curated daily papers, lab research blogs and national AI research programs across the US, China, EU, UK, Japan and beyond.

Curated daily papers, lab research blogs and national AI research programs across the US, China, EU, UK, Japan and beyond.

Latest in Research

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Projection-Volume Fidelity Divergence: Diagnosing and Controlling Optimization Drift in Sparse-View 3D Gaussian Tomography
Research

Projection-Volume Fidelity Divergence: Diagnosing and Controlling Optimization Drift in Sparse-View 3D Gaussian Tomography

Sparse-view computed tomography is a severely ill-posed inverse problem, where recent 3D Gaussian Splatting methods offer an efficient explicit representation f…

Automated sign detection across the Electronic Babylonian Library: A large-scale dataset and end-to-end cuneiform OCR pipeline
Research

Automated sign detection across the Electronic Babylonian Library: A large-scale dataset and end-to-end cuneiform OCR pipeline

Learning to read cuneiform tablets is an extremely demanding task; consequently, of the roughly half million excavated tablets, only a small fraction has been a…

Federated Learning for Global Carbon Emission Forecasting: A Hybrid Time-Series Approach with Statistical and Neural Models
Research

Federated Learning for Global Carbon Emission Forecasting: A Hybrid Time-Series Approach with Statistical and Neural Models

Climate change, primarily driven by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, requires accurate forecasting tools to support effective mitigation policies and sustainable…

4DVLT: Dynamic Scene Understanding with Worldline-Centered Vision-Language Tracking
Research

4DVLT: Dynamic Scene Understanding with Worldline-Centered Vision-Language Tracking

4D dynamic scene understanding requires grounding language to a persistent worldline that binds identity, metric 3D motion, and synchronized multi-view 2D proje…

Physiology-Aware CNN and Zero-Shot Multimodal LLMs for ECG Image Classification: A Comparative Study
Research

Physiology-Aware CNN and Zero-Shot Multimodal LLMs for ECG Image Classification: A Comparative Study

Multimodal large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted to interpret 12-lead ECG images, though the interpretations often lack validation. However, ECG…

Scene-agnostic ALS boresight self-calibration
Research

Scene-agnostic ALS boresight self-calibration

ALS boresight calibration has relied for two decades on dedicated flight patterns over structured scenes containing planar surfaces of varied aspect and slope. …

Autonomous Subsea Cable Search and Tracking with Graph-Optimised Priors and Visual Tracking
Research

Autonomous Subsea Cable Search and Tracking with Graph-Optimised Priors and Visual Tracking

Global communications rely on subsea cable infrastructure that remains vulnerable to damage from natural hazards and human activity. Autonomous underwater vehic…

AI Exposure Scores: what they measure, what they miss, and what comes next
Research

AI Exposure Scores: what they measure, what they miss, and what comes next

A set of exposure scores calculated in 2023 has become a central empirical input to the future of work debate. Produced by Eloundou et al. (2023) and referred t…

Semantic Browsing: Controllable Diversity for Image Generation
Research

Semantic Browsing: Controllable Diversity for Image Generation

Modern text-to-image models excel in visual fidelity and prompt adherence. However, this strict adherence comes at the cost of diversity: generated samples tend…

Breaking the Filter Bubble: A Semantic Pareto-DQN Framework for Multi-Objective Recommendation
Research

Breaking the Filter Bubble: A Semantic Pareto-DQN Framework for Multi-Objective Recommendation

Recommender systems often induce filter bubbles and semantic homogenization by monolithically optimizing for immediate user engagement. Standard single-objectiv…

Selective Capability Unlearning in End-to-End Spoken Language Understanding
Research

Selective Capability Unlearning in End-to-End Spoken Language Understanding

Modern spoken language understanding (SLU) systems are increasingly deployed in real-world settings, where specific functionalities may need to be removed due t…

Universal Guideline-Driven Image Clustering via a Hybrid LLM Agent
Research

Universal Guideline-Driven Image Clustering via a Hybrid LLM Agent

Unifying image clustering across different clustering scenarios remains challenging due to fundamental gaps among tasks. We introduce a Guideline-Driven Image C…

Breaking Shortcut Learning for Cross-Trial EEG-Guided Target Speech Extraction via Two-Stage Training
Research

Breaking Shortcut Learning for Cross-Trial EEG-Guided Target Speech Extraction via Two-Stage Training

Recent end-to-end models for EEG-guided target speech extraction report impressive results, underscoring potential for neuro-steered hearing technologies. Howev…

Automated Residual Plot Assessment With the R Package autovi and the Shiny Application autovi.web
Research

Automated Residual Plot Assessment With the R Package autovi and the Shiny Application autovi.web

Visual assessment of residual plots is a common approach for diagnosing linear models, but it relies on manual evaluation, which does not scale well and can lea…

LLMs Prompted for Legal Context Object More: Overrefusal from Small On-Premises LLMs in Criminal Legal Context
Research

LLMs Prompted for Legal Context Object More: Overrefusal from Small On-Premises LLMs in Criminal Legal Context

While the validity of LLMs' use in the legal context remains subject to ethical and legal debate, legal professionals are already experimenting with personal LL…

ParaPairAudioBench: Paralinguistic Pairwise Audio Benchmark for LALM-as-a-Judge
Research

ParaPairAudioBench: Paralinguistic Pairwise Audio Benchmark for LALM-as-a-Judge

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have been widely used as judge models for the automatic evaluation of generated speech. However, prior approaches predominan…

Can Scale Save Us From Plasticity Loss in Large Language Models?
Research

Can Scale Save Us From Plasticity Loss in Large Language Models?

The loss of plasticity - the ability of a network to learn new information after having already learned older information - is a fundamental challenge in creati…

CANDLE: Character-level Arabic Noise Deduplication using Lightweight Encoder
Research

CANDLE: Character-level Arabic Noise Deduplication using Lightweight Encoder

Handling repeated characters in text can be tricky, since they can represent either the correct spelling of a word or informal character elongation often seen i…

FLUX3D: High-Fidelity 3D Gaussian Generation with Diffusion-Aligned Sparse Representation
Research

FLUX3D: High-Fidelity 3D Gaussian Generation with Diffusion-Aligned Sparse Representation

Sparse voxel representation has emerged as a scalable foundation for image-to-3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) generation, yet current methods struggle to preserve …

Phoneme-Level Mispronunciation Screening in Polish-Speaking Children with an Explainable Assistant
Research

Phoneme-Level Mispronunciation Screening in Polish-Speaking Children with an Explainable Assistant

Early identification of speech sound errors in children is often limited by access to specialists, motivating lightweight screening tools that can operate outsi…

Decoupling Reconnaissance and Exploitation: Measuring the Capability Boundaries of LLM-Based Web Penetration Testing
Research

Decoupling Reconnaissance and Exploitation: Measuring the Capability Boundaries of LLM-Based Web Penetration Testing

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for automated penetration testing, yet existing end-to-end black-box evaluations are highly susceptible to error…

Introducing corpora Hlava Cor and Hlava AD: Human Label Variation in Coreference and Discourse Relations
Research

Introducing corpora Hlava Cor and Hlava AD: Human Label Variation in Coreference and Discourse Relations

As previous research on annotator disagreement in discourse phenomena has shown, understanding text coherence varies considerably from one individual to another…

Interpretable Concept-Guided Polynomial Tabular Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for EEG-Based Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection
Research

Interpretable Concept-Guided Polynomial Tabular Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for EEG-Based Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection

Early and scalable detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains an unresolved clinical challenge. Existing EEG-based screening approaches are constraine…

Rate-Aware Quantum-Inspired Trajectory Learning for Interference-Limited Multi-UAV Networks
Research

Rate-Aware Quantum-Inspired Trajectory Learning for Interference-Limited Multi-UAV Networks

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can provide on-demand, high-capacity connectivity in disaster and normal situation. However, it faces a challenge of curse of dime…

SFL-MTSC: Leveraging Semantic Frame-Level Multi-Task Self-Consistency for Robust Multi-Intent Spoken Language Understanding
Research

SFL-MTSC: Leveraging Semantic Frame-Level Multi-Task Self-Consistency for Robust Multi-Intent Spoken Language Understanding

Prompt-based spoken language understanding (SLU) with large language models (LLMs) often suffers from inconsistent intent--slot structures due to decoding stoch…

EMA-FS: Accelerating GBDT Training via Gain-Informed Feature Screening
Research

EMA-FS: Accelerating GBDT Training via Gain-Informed Feature Screening

Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT), exemplified by LightGBM, spend a dominant fraction of training time -- typically 65-70% -- constructing per-feature hist…

Finding the Time to Think: Learning Planning Budgets in Real-Time RL
Research

Finding the Time to Think: Learning Planning Budgets in Real-Time RL

Deliberating takes time. In real-time settings, that time is not free. Standard reinforcement learning (RL) sidesteps this as the environment waits indefinitely…

A Causal Foundation Model for Structure and Outcome Prediction
Research

A Causal Foundation Model for Structure and Outcome Prediction

We introduce TabPFN-CFM, a causal foundation model that can handle multiple causal problems. TabPFN-CFM predicts both causal structure and outcomes from observa…

Multipath Adaptive Gated Bottleneck Latent ODE with Raman Data Fusion for Cell Culture Process Forecasting
Research

Multipath Adaptive Gated Bottleneck Latent ODE with Raman Data Fusion for Cell Culture Process Forecasting

Mammalian cell-culture processes underpin the manufacture of many biopharmaceuticals, yet keeping a run on track is hard: critical process parameters drift over…

Heavy-Ball Q-Learning with Residual Weighting Correction
Research

Heavy-Ball Q-Learning with Residual Weighting Correction

This paper proposes a corrected heavy-ball Q-learning method for reinforcement learning (RL) and establishes its convergence. It also identifies conditions unde…